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Solar panels generate totally free energy from the sunlight by changing daylight to electrical power with no relocating parts, zero emissions, and no maintenance. The photo voltaic panel, the 1st part of a Photo Voltaic Electrical Power System, is a assortment of personal silicon cells that create electric power from sunlight. The photons (light particles) create an electrical latest as they strike the surface of the thin silicon wafers. A single photo voltaic cell produces only about 1/2 (.5) of a volt. However, a typical 12 volt panel about 25 inches by 54 inches will contain 36 cells wired in series to create about 17 volts peak output. If the solar panel can be configured for 24 volt output, there will be 72 cells so the two 12 volt groups of 36 each and every can be wired in series, normally with a jumper, making it possible for the photo voltaic panel to output 24 volts. When beneath load (charging batteries for example), this voltage drops to 12 to 14 volts (for a 12 volt configuration) resulting in 75 to one hundred watts for a panel of this size.

Multiple solar panels cost can be wired in parallel to increase current ability (more power) and wired in series to enhance voltage for 24, 48, or even increased voltage systems. The edge of employing a increased voltage output at the photo voltaic panels is that smaller wire measurements can be used to transfer the electric electricity from the solar panel array to the charge controller & batteries.

Monocrystalline photo voltaic panels: The most effective and expensive solar panels are created with Monocrystalline cells. These solar cells use extremely pure silicon and include a difficult crystal development process. Prolonged silicon rods are developed which are slice into slices of .2 to .4 mm thick discs or wafers which are then processed into individual cells that are wired with each other in the photo voltaic panel.

Polycrystalline solar panels: Frequently named Multi-crystalline, photo voltaic panels manufactured with Polycrystalline cells are a small less costly & slightly less effective than Monocrystalline cells because the cells are not developed in one crystals but in a big block of many crystals. This is what offers them that striking shattered glass appearance. Like Monocrystalline cells, they are also then sliced into wafers to generate the specific cells that make up the photo voltaic panel.