'Learn Spanish' Lesson and the Past Participle
Aus Salespoint
The Past Participle
In this Spanish lesson we will discover the Past Participle and its various makes use of. Even though this lesson is truly briefer than past lessons, the Past Participle is very essential if you want to discover how to speak Spanish. Its formation is fairly basic. ftp web storage As in English, the Past Participle in Spanish is a central element in most topics of discussion.
In common, the Past Participle is greatest understood as having four distinct makes use of that contain past and present actions, and adjectives. Although this range in usage seems broad, understanding each and every specific use can be learned and applied rather very easily with practice.
The Past Participle is rather straightforward to form. For -ar verbs, an -ado is added to the verb's stem.
For example:
The stem of the verb hablar (to speak) is habl. With this in mind, an -ado is added to habl to form the Past Participle for hablar: hablado.
The formation of the Past Participle for -er and -ir verbs parallel this pattern. However, an -ido is added to the er or ir verb's stem.
For instance:
In the case of the verb beber (to drink), its stem is beb. An -ido is then added to beb to form its Past Participle: bebido.
Similarly, to form the Past Participle for salir (to go out) an -ido is added to its stem, sal. Its Past Participle is: salido.
With the Past Participle's simple format in thoughts, what follows are examples of it for each normal and irregular verbs:
Examples of the Normal Past Participle:
Infinitive Past Participle
estar (to be) estado
bailar (to dance) bailado
cenar (to eat supper) cenado
almorzar (to consume lunch) almorzado
desayunar (to consume breakfast) desayunado
limpiar (to clean) limpiado
dar (to give) dado
llorar (to cry) llorado
lloviznar (to drizzle) lloviznado
tener (to have) tenido
creer (to believe) creido
leer (to read) leido
querer (to want, to really like) querido
partir (to leave) partido
ir (to go) ido
vivir (to reside) vivido
dormir (to sleep) dormido
Examples of the Irregular Past Participle:
Infinitive Past Participle
poner (to place) puesto
ver (to see) visto
volver (to return) vuelto
resolver (to resolve) resuelto
escribir (to write) escrito
abrir (to open) abierto
hacer (to make) hecho
satisfacer (to satisfy) satisfecho
morir (to die) muerto
decir (to say) dicho
cubrir (to cover) cubierto
The four primary utilizes of the Past Participle are as follows:
1. The Past Participle is frequently utilised in compound tenses with the auxiliary verb haber (to have). We have seen this use in the Lesson on the Present Excellent checken coops Tense. In the Present Ideal Tense the past participle of the sentence's main verb is added to haber to express a past action that has not totally elapsed.
Let's briefly critique this use:
Juana ha estado en su cuarto todo el da.
(Juana has been in her room all day)
He querido ir a California.
(I have wanted to go to California.)
Mario ha vivido en Bogot.
(Mario has lived in Bogot.)
two. The Past Participle is used for the passive voice and usually follows the verbs ser or estar (to be). When the Past Participle reflects the passive voice, it need to agree with the subject's gender and number.
For example:
El pap de Diego est herido.
(Diego's father is hurt.)
La hermana de Rogelio est cansada.
(Rogelio's sister is tired.)
3. At instances, the verbs llevar and tener are used instead of the verb haber in compound tenses (as in the Present Ideal Tense). When this occurs, the Past Participle need to agree with the attribute's gender and quantity. Even though this use may seem awkward, believe of it as forming an alternative expression for indefinite past actions.
For instance:
Tengo hecha la comida.
(I have made the food.)
Juan lleva pagada la online secure ftp hosting cuenta.
(Juan has paid the examine.)
four. The Past Participle can also be utilised as an adjective. Keep in mind that for this use, the Past Participle acts as an adjective and should agree in gender and quantity with the noun.
For instance:
Un vestido hecho a mano
(A dress produced by hand)
Un hombre educado
(An educated man)
Un beb mimado
(A spoiled infant)
Now lets try a few workouts. Translate the following into Spanish. The answers comply with the workout.
1. An opened door
2. A cleaned room
three. We have spoken.
four. Juan has cooked.
five. A cooked chicken
6. Roberta's brother is tired.
7. Juana's mother is educated.
8. Marcos has created the dessert.
9. She has opened the door.
ten. Have you noticed Milagros?
1. Una puerta abierta
two. Un cuarto limpiado
three. Hemos hablado.
four. Juan ha cocinado.
5. Un pollo cocinado
6. El hermano de Roberta est cansado.
7. La madre de Juana es educada.
8. Marcos tiene hecho el postre.
9. Ella ha abierto la puerta.
ten. Has visto a Milagros?
