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The Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association is the biggest private wellness insurance system in the United States (like Puerto Rico) and Canada. It is composed of 55 independent, locally operated Blue Cross and Blue Shield Plans that collectively offered wellness care coverage to more than 88 million people in 2003. For its beginnings we require to go back to 1929 to a man namedJustin Ford Kimball when he became vice president of Baylor University in Dallas, Texas. He was an skilled administrator, as he headed the College of Medicine, School of Nursing, College of Dentistry, and the university hospital. Soon right after taking the job, he developed a health program that guaranteed teachers 21 days of hospital care for 50 cents amonth. The strategy soon spread to other employee groups in Dallas, and then related plans began to crop up nation-wide. Meanwhile, around the identical time that Kimball was generating his plan, the Blue Shield concept was becoming popular in the lumber and mining camps of the Pacific Northwest. Serious injuries and chronic illness were common amongst these workers who were in quite hazardous and dangerous jobs. Their employers saw the need to provide medical care for them and they arranged with physicians to pay them a monthly fee to take care of the medical demands of the workers. These programs would later turn out to be what is recognized as the Blue Shield Plans. As for the cross symbol, it was 1st employed in a 1934 advertisement for the Hospital Service Association, which later became identified as Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Minnesota. Joseph Binder, a Viennese artist, was hired by Business secretary E.A. van Steenwyk to produce a poster that included a blue Greek cross. Van Steenwyk employed the symbol to identify his company's wellness plans and then Blue Cross began to use it in other parts of the country. In 1939, the American Hospital Association, which was based in Chicago, began to use the Blue Cross symbol to indicate that wellness plans around the country met particular standards. The AHA continued to use the symbol until 1960 when the Blue Cross Association was founded. The two organizations remained affiliated until 1972. The shield symbol was developed in Buffalo, New York by Carl Metzger in 1939 and the very first official Blue Shield program was founded in California that same year. Carl Metzger was an early pioneer in the Blue movement and he wanted a style that would distinguish the new medical service program. It soon flourished as the number of Blue Shield Plans kept on expanding. In 1948 the symbol was informally adopted by nine plans referred to as the Linked Medical Care Program, which was later renamed the National Association of Blue Shield Plans. More than the years, the Blue Cross and Blue Shield healthcare insurance ideas took hold. The Blue Cross Blue Shield Association was formed in 1982 by a merger of the Blue Cross Association and the National Association of Blue Shield Plans. When the Blue Cross and Blue Shield organizations merged, their brand symbols also merged and became one particular of the most familiar symbols in America. To show you how large it has turn into, in 2003, the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association took in $182.7 billion in revenue. The evolution of managed health care in the United States is intimately linked to the designs of Blue Cross-Blue Shield. seattle car crash lawyer